It has been reported that ALCAR donates the acetyl groups to the TCA cycle, besides reducing the cerebral lactate levels. The pharmacological effects of ALCAR may be due to its ability to induce energy metabolism and to modulate several neurotransmitter functions. Furthermore, the progression of Alzheimer's disease has been significantly reduced in patients who had received acetyl carnitine. Many investigators have tried to seek for the role of acetylcarnitine, and found the improvement of performance in spatial learning tasks in aged rats, the enhancement on rat brain energy and phospholipid metabolism, the prolongation on the survival of adult rat sensory neurons and the anti-amnesic effect and the inhibitory effect on apoptosis. It is the acetyl ester of L-carnitine, biosynthesized by the acetylation of carnitine through carnitine acetyltransferase.ĪLCAR has an important role in the transport of long chain fatty acid into mitochondria. We conducted researches for the therapeutic and preventive use of ALCAR (acetyl-L-carnitine) on the ischemic brain damage by discovering it's neuroprotective effect, which is made by the department of biological chemistry, Kim Il Sung University.Īcetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR) is an endogenous compound present in the central nervous system. On the basis of the complexity of the pathogenesis in cerebral ischemia and the disappointing results from single agent trials, it may be unrealistic to expect that a single neuroprotective drug will demonstrate benefit and effective therapy will require a combinational approach. Drug treatment is one of the most important therapeutic methods of ischemic diseases.Īt present thrombolytics, a scavenger of free radicals, GABA-ergic drugs and calcium channel blockers have been used in the treatment of IVCD. Many studies show that ischemic brain damage results from multiple factors such as changes of neurotransmitters, tissue acidosis, production of free radicals, ion imbalance, lipid peroxidation, apoptosis and Inflammation. It is the first cause of disability and the third leading cause of death worldwide. Ischemic cerebrovascular disease, IVCD, has high morbidity, mortality and disability rates and occupies 70~80% of all the cerebral blood diseases.
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